[Aug-2022] 312-38 exam torrent EC-COUNCIL study guide
Use Valid New 312-38 Test Notes & 312-38 Valid Exam Guide
Prerequisites
The potential candidates must fulfill one of two options of eligibility criteria for this certification exam. The first thing is to complete the official training course, which can be taken as instructor-led training, academic learning, or online live training. The second variant is to opt for self-study. However, those who want to consider this option must have a minimum of two years of practical work experience in the domain of Information Technology. They should also have educational background that indicates a specialization in this area. To demonstrate this, they must submit a filled eligibility application form and pay the non-refundable application fee of $100.
Before you start the registration process, you should check if you qualify as one of the target audiences for this path. The intended candidates for EC-Council 312-38 are the security operators, network administrators, security analysts, network defense technicians, network security engineers, network security administrators, as well as any professionals who work with network operations.
Exam Overview
The interested candidates must complete the 312-38 exam with a high result if they want to earn the Certified Network Defender certificate. Therefore, they should know what to expect. The test is 4 hours long and contains 100 questions. You must achieve the passing score, which ranges from 60% to 85%, to qualify for the certification.
NEW QUESTION 40
Which of the following protocols is described as a connection-oriented and reliable delivery transport layer protocol?
- A. TCP
- B. IP
- C. SSL
- D. UDP
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 41
Which of the following policies helps in defining what users can and should do to use network and
organization's computer equipment?
- A. Remote access policy
- B. General policy
- C. User policy
- D. IT policy
Answer: C
Explanation:
A user policy helps in defining what users can and should do to use network and organization's computer
equipment. It also defines what limitations are put on users for maintaining the network secure such as
whether users can install programs on their workstations, types of programs users are using, and how users
can access data.
Answer option C is incorrect. IT policy includes general policies for the IT department. These policies are
intended to keep the network secure and stable. It includes the following:
Virus incident and security incident
Backup policy
Client update policies
Server configuration, patch update, and modification policies (security)
Firewall policies Dmz policy, email retention, and auto forwarded email policy
Answer option A is incorrect. It defines the high level program policy and business continuity plan.
Answer option B is incorrect. Remote access policy is a document that outlines and defines acceptable
methods of remotely connecting to the internal network.
NEW QUESTION 42
Which of the following techniques is used for drawing symbols in public places for advertising an open Wi-Fi wireless network?
- A. War dialing
- B. War driving
- C. Spamming
- D. Warchalking
Answer: D
Explanation:
Warchalking is the drawing of symbols in public places to advertise an open Wi-Fi wireless network. Having found a Wi-Fi node, the warchalker draws a special symbol on a nearby object, such as a wall, the pavement, or a lamp post. The name warchalking is derived from the cracker terms war dialing and war driving.
Answer option B is incorrect. War driving, also called access point mapping, is the act of locating and possibly exploiting connections to wireless local area networks while driving around a city or elsewhere. To do war driving, one needs a vehicle, a computer (which can be a laptop), a wireless Ethernet card set to work in promiscuous mode, and some kind of an antenna which can be mounted on top of or positioned inside the car.
Because a wireless LAN may have a range that extends beyond an office building, an outside user may be able to intrude into the network, obtain a free Internet connection, and possibly gain access to company records and other resources.
Answer option C is incorrect. War dialing is a technique of using a modem to automatically scan a list of telephone numbers, usually dialing every number in a local area code to search for computers, BBS systems, and fax machines. Hackers use the resulting lists for various purposes, hobbyists for exploration, and crackers (hackers that specialize in computer security) for password guessing.
Answer option A is incorrect. Spamming is the technique of flooding the Internet with a number of copies of the same message. The most widely recognized form of spams are e-mail spam, instant messaging spam, Usenet newsgroup spam, Web search engine spam, spam in blogs, online classified ads spam, mobile phone messaging spam, Internet forum spam, junk fax transmissions, social networking spam, television advertising and file sharing network spam.
NEW QUESTION 43
A company wants to implement a data backup method which allows them to encrypt the data ensuring its security as well as access at any time and from any location. What is the appropriate backup method that should be implemented?
- A. Offsite backup
- B. Cloud backup
- C. Onsite backup
- D. Hot site backup
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 44
Which of the following types of transmission is the process of sending one bit at a time over a single
transmission line?
- A. Parallel data transmission
- B. Unicast transmission
- C. Serial data transmission
- D. Multicast transmission
Answer: C
Explanation:
In serial data transmission, one bit is sent after another (bit-serial) on a single transmission line. It is the
simplest method of transmitting digital information from one point to another. This transmission is suitable for
providing communication between two participants as well as for multiple participants. It is used for all long-
haul communication and provides high data rates. It is also inexpensive and beneficial in transferring data over
long distances.
Answer option D is incorrect. In parallel data transmission, several data signals are sent simultaneously over
several parallel channels. Parallel data transmission is faster than serial data transmission. It is used primarily
for transferring data between devices at the same site. For instance, communication between a computer and
printer is most often parallel, allowing the entire byte to be transferred in one operation.
Answer option A is incorrect. The unicast transmission method is used to establish communication between a
single host and a single receiver. Packets sent to a unicast address are delivered to the interface recognized
by that IP address, as shown in the following figure:
Answer option C is incorrect. The multicast transmission method is used to establish communication between
a single host and multiple receivers. Packets are sent to all interfaces recognized by that IP address, as shown
in the figure below:
NEW QUESTION 45
Sam wants to implement a network-based IDS in the network. Sam finds out the one IDS solution which works is based on patterns matching. Which type of network-based IDS is Sam implementing?
- A. Signature-based IDS
- B. Stateful protocol analysis
- C. Behavior-based IDS
- D. Anomaly-based IDS
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 46
Which of the following protocols is used to exchange encrypted EDI messages via email?
- A. S/MIME
- B. HTTPS
- C. MIME
- D. HTTP
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 47
Which of the following types of transmission is the process of sending one bit at a time over a single transmission line?
- A. Parallel data transmission
- B. Unicast transmission
- C. Serial data transmission
- D. Multicast transmission
Answer: C
Explanation:
In serial data transmission, one bit is sent after another (bit-serial) on a single transmission line. It is the simplest method of transmitting digital information from one point to another. This transmission is suitable for providing communication between two participants as well as for multiple participants. It is used for all long- haul communication and provides high data rates. It is also inexpensive and beneficial in transferring data over long distances.
Answer option D is incorrect. In parallel data transmission, several data signals are sent simultaneously over several parallel channels. Parallel data transmission is faster than serial data transmission. It is used primarily for transferring data between devices at the same site. For instance, communication between a computer and printer is most often parallel, allowing the entire byte to be transferred in one operation.
Answer option A is incorrect. The unicast transmission method is used to establish communication between a single host and a single receiver. Packets sent to a unicast address are delivered to the interface recognized by that IP address, as shown in the following figure:
Answer option C is incorrect. The multicast transmission method is used to establish communication between a single host and multiple receivers. Packets are sent to all interfaces recognized by that IP address, as shown in the figure below:
NEW QUESTION 48
A company has the right to monitor the activities of their employees on different information systems according to the _______policy.
- A. Internet usage
- B. Information system
- C. User access control
- D. Confidential data
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 49
Which of the following OSI layers defines the electrical and physical specifications for devices?
- A. Data link layer
- B. Physical layer
- C. Transport layer
- D. Presentation layer
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 50
To provide optimum security while enabling safe/necessary services, blocking known dangerous services, and making employees accountable for their online activity, what Internet Access policy would Brian, the network administrator, have to choose?
- A. Permissive policy
- B. Prudent policy
- C. Paranoid policy
- D. Promiscuous policy
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 51
The agency Jacob works for stores and transmits vast amounts of sensitive government data that cannot be compromised. Jacob has implemented Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) to encrypt IP traffic. Jacob wants to encrypt the IP traffic by inserting the ESP header in the IP datagram before the transport layer protocol header. What mode of ESP does Jacob need to use to encrypt the IP traffic?
- A. Jacob should use ESP in pass-through mode.
- B. Jacob should utilize ESP in tunnel mode.
- C. He should use ESP in gateway mode
- D. He should use ESP in transport mode.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 52
Which of the following layers of the OSI model provides end-to-end connections and reliability?
- A. Physical layer
- B. Session layer
- C. Network layer
- D. Transport layer
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 53
Which of the following layers of the OSI model provides physical addressing?
- A. Application layer
- B. Physical layer
- C. Network layer
- D. Data link layer
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 54
Which of the following is a tool that runs on the Windows OS and analyzes iptables log messages to detect port scans and other suspicious traffic?
- A. Hping
- B. Nmap
- C. PSAD
- D. NetRanger
Answer: C
Explanation:
PSAD is a tool that runs on the Windows OS and analyzes iptables log messages to detect port scans and other suspicious traffic. It includes many signatures from the IDS to detect probes for various backdoor programs such as EvilFTP, GirlFriend, SubSeven, DDoS tools (mstream, shaft), and advanced port scans (FIN, NULL, XMAS). If it is combined with fwsnort and the Netfilter string match extension, it detects most of the attacks described in the Snort rule set that involve application layer data. Answer option C is incorrect. NetRanger is the complete network configuration and information toolkit that includes the following tools: a Ping tool, Trace Route tool, Host Lookup tool, Internet time synchronizer, Whois tool, Finger Unix hosts tool, Host and port scanning tool, check multiple POP3 mail accounts tool, manage dialup connections tool, Quote of the day tool, and monitor Network Settings tool. These tools are integrated in order to use an application interface with full online help. NetRanger is designed for both new and experienced users. This tool is used to help diagnose network problems and to get information about users, hosts, and networks on the Internet or on a user computer network. NetRanger uses multi-threaded and multi-connection technologies in order to be very fast and efficient. Answer option B is incorrect. Hping is a free packet generator and analyzer for the TCP/IP protocol. Hping is one of the de facto tools for security auditing and testing of firewalls and networks. The new version of hping, hping3, is scriptable using the Tcl language and implements an engine for string based, human readable description of TCP/IP packets, so that the programmer can write scripts related to low level TCP/IP packet manipulation and analysis in very short time. Like most tools used in computer security, hping is useful to both system administrators and crackers (or script kiddies). Answer option A is incorrect. Nmap is a free open-source utility for network exploration and security auditing. It is used to discover computers and services on a computer network, thus creating a "map" of the network. Just like many simple port scanners, Nmap is capable of discovering passive services. In addition, Nmap may be able to determine various details about the remote computers. These include operating system, device type, uptime, software product used to run a service, exact version number of that product, presence of some firewall techniques and, on a local area network, even vendor of the remote network card. Nmap runs on Linux, Microsoft Windows, etc.
NEW QUESTION 55
Which of the following IEEE standards defines a physical bus topology?
- A. 802.4
- B. 802.6
- C. 802.3
- D. 802.5
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 56
Which of the following standards have been proposed for the improvement of 802.11a and 802.11b wireless local area network (WLAN) specifications, which provides a quality of service (QoS) features, such as the prioritization of data, voice and video transmissions?
- A. None
- B. 802.11h
- C. 802.11n
- D. 802.15
- E. 802.11e
Answer: E
NEW QUESTION 57
Which of the following routing metrics is the sum of the costs associated with each link traversed?
- A. Communication cost
- B. Routing delay
- C. Path length
- D. Bandwidth
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 58
Which of the following is a worldwide organization that aims to establish, refine, and promote Internet security standards?
- A. IEEE
- B. ANSI
- C. WASC
- D. ITU
Answer: C
Explanation:
Web Application Security Consortium (WASC) is a worldwide organization that aims to establish, refine, and promote Internet security standards. WASC is vendor-neutral, although members may belong to corporations involved in the research, development, design, and distribution of Web security-related products. Answer option A is incorrect. ANSI (American National Standards Institute) is the primary organization for fostering the development of technology standards in the United States. ANSI works with industry groups and is the U.S. member of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electro-technical Commission (IEC). Long-established computer standards from ANSI include the American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) and the Small Computer System Interface (SCSI). Answer option D is incorrect. The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is an organization established to standardize and regulate international radio and telecommunications. Its main tasks include standardization, allocation of the radio spectrum, and organizing interconnection arrangements between different countries to allow international phone calls. ITU sets standards for global telecom networks. The ITU's telecommunications division (ITU-T) produces more than 200 standard recommendations each year in the converging areas of telecommunications, information technology, consumer electronics, broadcasting and multimedia communications. ITU was streamlined into the following three sectors: ITU-D (Telecommunication Development) ITU-R (Radio communication) ITU-T (Telecommunication Standardization) Answer option C is incorrect. The Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) is a society of technical professionals. It promotes the development and application of electrotechnology and allied sciences. IEEE develops communications and network standards, among other activities. The organization publishes number of journals, has many local chapters, and societies in specialized areas.
NEW QUESTION 59
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